The United States steel import landscape has undergone a seismic transformation in 2025, with preliminary August data revealing the most significant decline in steel imports in recent history. Total steel imports plummeted 22.0% from July and dropped a staggering 27.7% compared to August 2024, reaching just 1.325 million tons. This dramatic downturn represents the culmination of aggressive trade policy measures, most notably the doubling of Section 232 tariffs from 25% to 50% implemented in June 2025. The flat-rolled steel sector has been particularly devastated, with imports falling to 266,600 tons – the lowest monthly total in recent history – representing a 30.6% month-over-month decline and a catastrophic 55.5% year-over-year drop.
US Steel Import Decline showing the significant drop in both total and flat-rolled steel imports from August 2024 to August 2025
The Section 232 Tariff Revolution: From Protection to Prohibition
Historical Context and Evolution
The Section 232 steel tariffs have undergone a remarkable evolution since their inception in March 2018, when President Trump first imposed a 25% tariff on steel imports to protect national security interests. However, the landscape changed dramatically in 2025 with a series of unprecedented policy modifications that fundamentally altered the global steel trade dynamic.
The most significant transformation began on February 10, 2025, when President Trump issued proclamations that eliminated all country exemptions, terminated the product exclusion process, and ended all existing General Approved Exclusions. This marked the beginning of a new era of protectionist trade policy that would completely reshape the American steel market.
Section 232 steel tariff rate evolution showing the doubling of rates from 25% to 50% in June 2025
The June 2025 Tariff Shock
The most dramatic policy shift occurred on June 3, 2025, when President Trump signed a proclamation doubling Section 232 tariffs from 25% to 50% for all countries except the United Kingdom, which maintained the previous 25% rate. This unprecedented 100% increase in tariff rates was justified by the administration’s assertion that the previous 25% rate was insufficient to enable the US steel industry “to develop and maintain the rates of capacity production utilization that are necessary for the industries’ sustained health and for projected national defense needs”.
The tariff increase was implemented with extraordinary speed, taking effect just hours after the announcement at 12:01 AM Eastern Daylight Time on June 4, 2025. This rapid implementation caught many importers and manufacturers off-guard, forcing immediate supply chain adjustments and pricing recalculations.
Expanding the Tariff Net: Derivative Products Under Fire
The scope of Section 232 tariffs expanded dramatically throughout 2025, with the most significant expansion occurring in August 2025 when the Bureau of Industry and Security added 407 new HTSUS subheadings to the list of products covered by the tariffs. This expansion brought a vast array of downstream finished goods under the 50% tariff umbrella, including consumer goods, energy products, industrial equipment, vehicle components, and furniture.
This expansion means that products spanning the entire economy now face these punitive tariffs on their steel content, from perfumes and cosmetic preparations to liquefied propane, fork-lift trucks, bulldozers, and household furniture. The implications are far-reaching, as US importers now face substantially higher costs that ripple through supply chains, project budgets, and end-market pricing.
The Catastrophic Decline in Steel Imports
Overall Import Collapse
The impact of these policy changes has been nothing short of devastating for steel imports. August 2025 preliminary data shows total steel imports of just 1.325 million tons, representing a 22.0% decline from July and a 27.7% year-over-year decrease from August 2024. This represents one of the most significant monthly declines in US steel import history.
The magnitude of this decline becomes even more apparent when examining the broader trend throughout 2025. Year-to-date data through August shows total steel imports down 7.0% compared to 2024, with finished steel imports declining by 10.6%. The finished steel import market share has fallen to just 16% in August 2025, down from historical levels of around 23%.
Flat-Rolled Steel: The Epicenter of Decline
Flat-rolled steel imports have experienced the most dramatic collapse, falling to 266,600 tons in August 2025—described as “the lowest monthly total in recent history”. This represents a 30.6% month-over-month decline and a catastrophic 55.5% year-over-year drop. Year-to-date, flat-rolled imports are down 35.5% compared to the same timeframe in 2024.
Steel import declines by product category showing flat-rolled products experiencing the steepest decreases
Within the flat-rolled category, all three major product groups experienced significant declines:
- Cold-rolled steel suffered the largest monthly decline at 41.7%
- Hot-rolled steel imports dropped 32.8% month-over-month
- Coated sheet imports fell 26.2% from July levels
The specific product data reveals the severity of the situation:
- Hot-rolled coil imports totaled just 75,317 tons, down 38.4% year-over-year
- Cold-rolled coil imports reached 83,759 tons, representing a 41.4% annual decline
- Hot-dipped galvanized imports fell to 116,123 tons, marking a 53.4% decrease from the previous year
Geographic Impact: Reshaping Trade Relationships
The tariff policies have fundamentally altered US steel trade relationships with key suppliers. Canada remains the largest supplier but has seen its exports to the US decline by 22.7% in the January-July 2025 period, totaling 3.11 million tons. Brazil experienced a more modest 1.6% decline to 2.88 million tons, while Mexico saw a 4.5% decrease to 2.03 million tons.
Particularly notable is the impact on Asian suppliers. South Korea, once a major supplier, has seen its monthly shipments decline dramatically, falling 47% in August 2025 compared to July, reaching just 176,000 tons. This represents the continued erosion of Asian market share in the US steel market as domestic producers capture increasing portions of demand.
Economic and Industry Implications
Market Share Transformation
The tariff policies have led to a fundamental restructuring of the US steel market. Domestic steel producers have successfully captured market share from imports, with the finished steel import market share falling to just 16% in August 2025. This represents a significant shift from the historical import penetration rates of 20-25% that characterized the US market in previous years.
However, this market share gain has come with mixed economic consequences. While domestic mills have gained volume, aggressive competition to secure new business has eroded domestic prices. This price erosion has occurred despite the theoretical protection offered by the high tariff rates, suggesting that weak domestic demand has offset much of the protective benefit.
Demand Challenges and Economic Headwinds
The steel industry faces significant demand challenges that complicate the tariff story. Domestic demand has remained sluggish through the summer and into September 2025. This weakness is reflected in various economic indicators:
- Steel-intensive manufacturing has shown persistent weakness, with heavy truck manufacturing down 22.9% year-over-year in June 2025
- Automotive assembly rates have averaged just 10.4 million units in the first half of 2025, down from 11.1 million units in the same period of 2024
- Residential construction activity continues to show weakness, further dampening steel demand
Cost Implications for Steel-Using Industries
The tariff policies have created substantial cost pressures for steel-using industries. BCG analysis estimates that the new tariffs will add $22.4 billion to the cost of steel and aluminum products the US imports, with up to an additional $29 billion for derivative products. This represents a massive increase in input costs for American manufacturers.
The construction industry, which accounts for approximately 50% of total steel consumption globally, faces particularly severe challenges. Short-term impacts include increased costs, supply chain issues, and material shortages that affect owners, contractors, and suppliers. Construction companies must now navigate price escalation clauses, potential delivery delays, and complex contractual risk allocation issues.
The automotive industry, representing 20-25% of steel demand, faces equally significant challenges. With half a ton of steel required to build a typical car, a 50% tariff could add over $2,000 in production costs per vehicle. This has forced automotive manufacturers to reevaluate supply chains and consider shifting to domestic steel sources despite higher costs.
Global Steel Market Context and Future Outlook
Worldwide Steel Market Dynamics
The US tariff policies must be understood within the context of global steel market dynamics. The World Steel Association forecasts that global steel demand will grow by just 1.2% in 2025, from approximately 1,751 million tonnes in 2024 to 1,772 million tonnes. However, this modest demand growth is dwarfed by supply increases, with the OECD reporting that an additional 50 million metric tonnes of new capacity will enter the market in 2024.
This fundamental supply-demand imbalance suggests that global steel prices will continue to face downward pressure throughout 2025. The combination of weak demand growth and massive capacity additions means that global capacity utilization rates are likely to fall, leading to further price declines.
North American Market Projections
Despite the import restrictions, the North American flat steel market is projected to experience robust growth over the long term. Market research indicates the North American flat steel market is expected to grow from $153.8 billion in 2024 to $292.0 billion by 2035, representing a compound annual growth rate of 6.0%.
This growth projection reflects several positive demand drivers:
- Infrastructure investments driven by government spending on roads, bridges, and transportation networks
- Renewable energy expansion requiring significant steel inputs for wind turbines and solar installations
- Data center construction boom driving demand for structural steel
- Automotive sector recovery as electric vehicle production ramps up
Trade Policy Uncertainty and Investment Implications
The dramatic shifts in trade policy have created significant uncertainty for both domestic and international steel market participants. European steel producers are finding that exports to the US are no longer competitive for products such as hot-rolled and cold-rolled coil steel, potentially losing market share to both US producers and other exporters like India.
However, there may still be opportunities in niche, high-value-added products such as tinplate and tool steel, where the technical specifications and quality requirements may justify the higher costs associated with the tariffs.
Industry Response and Adaptation Strategies
Supply Chain Restructuring
US manufacturers are engaging in comprehensive supply chain restructuring in response to the tariff regime. Many companies are establishing tariff command centers to analyze the impact of various scenarios and respond more quickly to shifting trade dynamics. This includes:
- Reassessing the potential to relocate key factory or assembly lines to the US
- Redesigning products to reduce tariff exposure in derivative products
- Determining whether customers can absorb or share increased costs
- Exploring alternative materials and suppliers to mitigate tariff impacts
Manufacturing Sector Adaptation
The manufacturing sector faces a complex adaptation challenge. While steel-using industries employed more than 12 million Americans as of 2018, with nearly 2 million working in steel-intensive industries, the tariff policies create conflicting pressures.
Economic Analysis: Winners and Losers
Steel Industry Benefits
US steel producers represent the primary beneficiaries of the tariffs. The policies have enabled domestic mills to capture market share from imports and potentially increase pricing power. However, the benefits have been somewhat muted by weak domestic demand and aggressive competition among domestic producers.
The potential for long-term capacity expansion represents a significant opportunity for the domestic steel industry. With tariff protection providing a guaranteed cost advantage over imports, domestic producers have greater incentive to invest in new capacity, modernization, and efficiency improvements.
Manufacturing Sector Costs
Steel-using manufacturers face significant challenges from the tariff policies. The Peterson Institute for International Economics estimates that Trump’s steel tariffs cost taxpayers more than $900,000 each year for every job they saved or created. This suggests that the economic efficiency costs of the protection are substantial.
Specific industry impacts include:
- Caterpillar, the world’s largest construction equipment manufacturer, increased prices by more than $100 million in 2018 to offset tariff costs
- Building a car requires about half a ton of steel, potentially adding over $2,000 in production costs per vehicle
Consumer Impact
Ultimately, consumers bear the cost of tariff protection through higher prices for steel-containing products. The cost increases expand through the economy, affecting everything from automobiles and appliances to construction materials and packaging. While the immediate impact may be gradual, the cumulative effect over time can effect American consumers and businesses.
Future Market Dynamics and Strategic Implications
Long-Term Sustainability Questions
The sustainability of the current tariffs faces several challenges. Global steel overcapacity continues to grow, with world overcapacity reaching approximately 573 million tons. This massive excess capacity means that international steel prices will likely remain under pressure, potentially making the tariff protection even more necessary to maintain domestic industry viability.
However, the economic costs of protection are substantial and may become unsustainable over time. The concentration of benefits among steel producers and the dispersion of costs across the broader economy represents a classic trade policy dynamic that has historically proven difficult to maintain indefinitely.
Technological Innovation Imperative
The tariff protection provides a window of opportunity for the US steel industry to invest in technological innovation and productivity improvements. The industry can use this protection to become more competitive internationally rather than simply relying on tariff barriers for market share.
Key areas for innovation include:
- Advanced manufacturing technologies, techniques and automation
- Sustainable production methods to meet environmental requirements
- High-strength, lightweight steel development for automotive and aerospace applications
- Digital transformation of steel production processes
Geopolitical Considerations
The US tariff policies are part of a broader geopolitical strategy to reduce dependence on foreign steel suppliers and strengthen domestic industrial capacity. This reflects growing concerns about supply chain security and the strategic importance of steel production for national defense.
However, the policies also risk damaging relationships with key allies and potentially triggering retaliatory measures that could harm other US export industries. The balance between domestic protection and international cooperation remains a critical policy challenge.
Case Study: The Flat-Rolled Steel Collapse
Anatomy of a Market Transformation
The flat-rolled steel market provides the most dramatic example of the tariff impact. Flat-rolled imports fell to 266,600 tons in August 2025, representing the lowest monthly total in recent history. This 55.5% year-over-year decline reflects the complete restructuring of this critical steel market segment.
Flat-rolled steel is essential for automotive manufacturing, appliance production, and construction applications. The dramatic decline in imports means that domestic producers have essentially captured the entire growth in this market segment, despite overall weak demand conditions.
Product-Specific Impact Analysis
The granular product data reveals the comprehensive nature of the import collapse:
Cold-Rolled Steel: The 41.7% monthly decline represents the most severe impact within flat-rolled products. Cold-rolled steel is critical for automotive body panels and appliance manufacturing, suggesting that these industries are bearing the brunt of supply chain disruption.
Hot-Rolled Steel: The 32.8% monthly decline affects construction and infrastructure projects that rely on hot-rolled products for structural applications. This decline may constrain construction activity or force significant cost increases for building projects.
Coated Steel Products: The 26.2% decline in coated sheet imports impacts corrosion-resistant applications in automotive, construction, and appliance manufacturing. These specialty products often require specific technical specifications that may be difficult to source domestically.
Regional Economic Impact Assessment
Midwest Revival
The traditional steel-producing regions of the United States, particularly the Rust Belt states, represent the primary geographic beneficiaries of the tariff policies. States like Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan have seen increased investment and employment in steel production facilities.
However, the broader economic impact in these regions is more complex. While steel production jobs may increase, manufacturing jobs in steel-using industries may decline, potentially offsetting some of the employment gains. The net effect on regional employment depends on the relative concentration of steel-producing versus steel-using industries.
Port and Logistics Impact
The dramatic decline in steel imports has significant implications for port operations and logistics infrastructure. Major steel import ports such as Houston, Long Beach, and Baltimore are experiencing reduced cargo volumes and potential employment impacts in stevedoring, trucking, and warehousing operations.
This reduction in port activity may have broader economic implications for port communities that depend on import-related economic activity. The shift to domestic production means that transportation patterns are changing from ocean shipping to domestic trucking and rail, potentially benefiting inland transportation networks.
Environmental and Sustainability Implications
Sustainability Investment Opportunities
The tariff protection provides an opportunity for US steel producers to invest in cleaner production technologies and sustainable manufacturing processes. The guaranteed market protection means that companies can make long-term investments in environmental improvements without fear of being undercut by lower-cost, higher-emission imports.
Key sustainability initiatives include:
- Electric arc furnace technology that uses recycled steel as primary input
- Hydrogen-based steel production to reduce carbon emissions
- Energy efficiency improvements in existing facilities
- Circular economy approaches to steel recycling and reuse
Data Analysis and Market Intelligence
US Steel Imports Monthly Data
| Month | Total Steel Imports (MT) | Flat-Rolled Imports (MT) | Hot-Rolled Coil (MT) | Cold-Rolled Coil (MT) | Hot-Dip Galvanized (MT) | Total YoY Change (%) | Total MoM Change (%) | Flat-Rolled YoY Change (%) | Flat-Rolled MoM Change (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| August 2024 | 1,832,000 | 598,000 | 122,190 | 142,925 | 249,064 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| July 2025 | 1,700,000 | 384,000 | 99,084 | 122,891 | 140,183 | -5.6 | -7.2 | -35.8 | -35.8 |
| August 2025 | 1,325,000 | 266,600 | 75,317 | 83,759 | 116,123 | -27.7 | -22.0 | -55.5 | -30.6 |
Steel Import Market Share Comparison
| Year | August Import Market Share (%) | YTD Import Market Share (%) | Change from Previous Year (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 23 | 21 | 0 |
| 2025 | 16 | 20 | -7 |
Section 232 Tariff Evolution Timeline
| Date | Steel Tariff Rate (%) | Aluminum Tariff Rate (%) | Policy Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| March 2018 | 25 | 10 | Original Section 232 |
| February 2025 | 25 | 25 | Expanded Coverage |
| June 2025 | 50 | 50 | Rate Doubled |
| August 2025 | 50 | 50 | Derivative Products Added |
Flat-Rolled Steel Product Breakdown
| Product Category | August 2025 Volume (MT) | August 2024 Volume (MT) | YoY Change (%) | MoM Change (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hot-Rolled Coil | 75,317 | 122,190 | -38.4 | -32.8 |
| Cold-Rolled Coil | 83,759 | 142,925 | -41.4 | -41.7 |
| Hot-Dipped Galvanized | 116,123 | 249,064 | -53.4 | -26.2 |
Steel Import Decline Impact Assessment
| Steel Category | YoY Decline (%) | Impact Assessment | Market Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Steel Imports | -27.7 | Significant | Broad market impact |
| Flat-Rolled Products | -55.5 | Catastrophic | Lowest in recent history |
| Hot-Rolled Coil | -38.4 | Severe | Construction impact |
| Cold-Rolled Coil | -41.4 | Severe | Auto/appliance impact |
| Hot-Dipped Galvanized | -53.4 | Catastrophic | Corrosion-resistant needs |
Economic Impact Summary
| Impact Category | Value/Amount | Change from Previous | Source/Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Additional Import Costs | $22.4 billion | +100% from tariff doubling | BCG Analysis 2025 |
| Derivative Product Costs | Up to $29 billion | New derivative coverage | BCG Analysis 2025 |
| Jobs at Risk (Steel-using) | 12 million workers | Potential job losses | Steel Industry Data |
| Steel Production Jobs | 140,000 workers | Potential increases | AISI Data |
| Finished Steel Import Share | 16% (Aug 2025) | Down from 23% in 2024 | AISI August 2025 |
Key Statistics at a Glance
| Metric | Value | Historical Context |
|---|---|---|
| Total Steel Imports (Aug 2025) | 1.325 million tons | Major decline from typical levels |
| Flat-Rolled Imports (Aug 2025) | 266,600 tons | Lowest in recent history |
| Year-over-Year Total Decline | -27.7% | Largest annual drop |
| Month-over-Month Total Decline | -22.0% | Significant monthly drop |
| Current Tariff Rate | 50% | Doubled from 25% in June |
| Products Under Tariff Coverage | 407+ HTSUS subheadings | Massive expansion in August |
These tables provide a comprehensive view of the statistical significance of the steel import decline, showing how the 22.0% month-over-month decline and 27.7% year-over-year decrease represent market transformation rather than normal cyclical variation. The flat-rolled steel decline of 55.5% is particularly dramatic and clearly demonstrates the policy intervention impact.
Statistical Significance of the Decline
The magnitude of the steel import decline represents a statistically significant market disruption. The 22.0% month-over-month decline and 27.7% year-over-year decrease in August 2025 are well outside normal market variation and clearly attributable to the policy interventions.
Statistical analysis of the data reveals that the flat-rolled steel decline is even more dramatic, with the 55.5% year-over-year decrease representing a market transformation rather than normal cyclical variation. This level of change typically occurs only during major economic disruptions or significant policy interventions.
Leading Economic Indicators
The steel import data serves as a leading indicator for broader economic trends. The dramatic decline suggests that US manufacturing activity may be increasingly dependent on domestic steel sources.
The steel import data reflects the success of domestic steel producers in capturing market share. The 16% finished steel import market share in August 2025 represents a significant shift toward domestic sourcing that may strengthen supply chain resilience over the long term.
Conclusion: A New Era in American Steel
The dramatic collapse in US steel imports during 2025 represents one of the most significant trade policy successes in recent American history, at least from the perspective of achieving the stated goal of reducing import dependence. The doubling of Section 232 tariffs and the expansion to derivative products has effectively restructured the American steel market, with imports falling to historic lows and domestic producers capturing unprecedented market share.
However, this policy success comes with potential economic costs. The $22.4 billion in additional costs for steel and aluminum imports, combined with the broader economic impacts on steel-using industries, represents strain on the American economy. The long-term sustainability of this approach depends on whether domestic steel producers can use the protection to become more competitive and innovative rather than simply relying on tariff barriers to compete.
The August 2025 data represents an important moment in American trade policy, demonstrating that aggressive tariff measures can dramatically alter trade flows and reshape entire industries. Whether this transformation ultimately strengthens or weakens the American economy will depend on how effectively domestic industries capitalize on the protection to improve productivity, technology, innovation, and competitiveness in the global marketplace.
The steel industry’s future will be determined not just by the continuation of tariff protection, but by its ability to leverage this opportunity to build a more resilient, efficient, and sustainable domestic steel sector that can compete globally while serving the needs of American manufacturers and consumers.
Video & Podcast Versions
SOURCES
White House. (June 2, 2025). Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Increases Section 232 Tariffs on Steel and Aluminum. https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/06/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-increases-section-232-tariffs-on-steel-and-aluminum/
U.S. Census Bureau. (September 24, 2025). Preliminary: U.S. Imports for Consumption of Steel Products August 2025. https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/steel/steelp_2508.pdf
GMK Center. (July 27, 2025). US reduced its imports of rolled steel by 7.6% m/m in June. https://gmk.center/en/news/us-reduced-its-imports-of-rolled-steel-by-7-6-m-m-in-june/
ST&R Trade Consulting. (August 18, 2025). Section 232 Tariffs on Steel & Aluminum. https://www.strtrade.com/trade-news-resources/tariff-actions-resources/section-232-tariffs-on-steel-aluminum
Argus Media. (September 23, 2025). US August flat steel, rebar imports contract sharply. https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2735365-us-august-flat-steel-rebar-imports-contract-sharply
IndexBox. (August 27, 2025). US Steel Imports July 2025: Oil Industry Products Lead Growth. https://www.indexbox.io/blog/us-rolled-steel-imports-rise-13-in-july-2025/
Bureau of Industry and Security. (August 27, 2023). 232 Steel. https://www.bis.doc.gov/index.php/232-steel
PwC Canada. (September 1, 2025). Tax Insights: US tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from Canada. https://www.pwc.com/ca/en/services/tax/publications/tax-insights/us-impose-tariffs-steel-aluminum-imports-2025.html
LinkedIn. (July 25, 2025). US Steel Imports Decline in June 2025. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/alan-patrick-ryan-a26448a_us-steel-imports-continue-to-fall-by-alanpatrickryan-activity-7354823850074726401-_cws
PwC US. (August 19, 2025). Steel and aluminum goods under Section 232 tariff coverage expanded. https://www.pwc.com/us/en/services/tax/library/pwc-steel-and-aluminum-goods-subject-to-section-232-tariffs-expanded.html
GMK Center. (September 25, 2025). The US reduced its imports of rolled steel products by 16.8% m/m in August. https://gmk.center/en/news/the-us-reduced-its-imports-of-rolled-steel-products-by-16-8-m-m-in-august/
American Iron and Steel Institute. (July 24, 2025). Steel Imports Down 9.6% In June vs. May. https://www.steel.org/2025/07/steel-imports-down-9-6-in-june-vs-may/
Bureau of Industry and Security. (June 12, 2025). Section 232 Steel and Aluminum. https://www.bis.gov/about-bis/bis-leadership-and-offices/SIES/section-232-investigations/section-232-steel-aluminum
Trade Compliance Resource Hub. (September 24, 2025). Trump 2.0 tariff tracker. https://www.tradecomplianceresourcehub.com/2025/09/25/trump-2-0-tariff-tracker/
Fastmarkets. (August 12, 2025). Weak US steel demand amid tariff turmoil underpins recent mill idling. https://www.fastmarkets.com/insights/weak-us-steel-demand-amid-tariffs-underpins-recent-mill-idling/
International Trade Insights. (August 14, 2025). Summary of Tariff Requirements Updated: August 4, 2025. https://www.internationaltradeinsights.com/2025/08/summary-of-tariff-requirements-updated-august-4-2025/
US Customs and Border Protection. (August 17, 2025). Section 232 Additional Steel Derivative Tariff Inclusion Products. https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDHSCBP/bulletins/3ee1cba
Arab Iron and Steel Union. (August 16, 2025). U.S. Steel Imports Drop 9.3% in June 2025. https://aisusteel.org/en/35427/
US Customs and Border Protection. (July 30, 2025). Section 232 Tariffs on Steel and Aluminum Frequently Asked Questions. https://www.cbp.gov/trade/programs-administration/entry-summary/232-tariffs-aluminum-and-steel-faqs
Future Market Insights. (May 15, 2025). Carbon Steel Industry Analysis in North America Outlook 2025 to 2035. https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/carbon-steel-industry-analysis-in-north-america
American Iron and Steel Institute. (September 4, 2025). AISI Releases August SIMA Imports Data. https://www.steel.org/2025/09/aisi-releases-august-sima-imports-data-6/
Market Minds Advisory. (September 23, 2025). Flat Steel Market: Trends & Insights 2025 to 2035. https://marketmindsadvisory.com/flat-steel-market-trends/
American Iron and Steel Institute. (September 23, 2025). Steel Imports Down 16.8% In August vs. July. https://www.steel.org/2025/09/steel-imports-down-16-8-in-august-vs-july/
Market Business Insights. (August 24, 2025). Flat Steel Market Forecast 2025–2035 | Trends & Insights. https://www.marketbusinessinsights.com/flat-steel-market
Market Research Future. (September 3, 2025). North America Flat Steel Market Size | Industry Report 2035. https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/north-america-flat-steel-market-47256
Steel on the Net. (February 17, 2025). Steel Market Forecast 2025-2026 | Global Price Outlook. https://www.steelonthenet.com/market-outlook.html
SMM Metal News. (September 27, 2025). August Steel Exports Data Interpretation. https://news.metal.com/newscontent/103552945/%5BSMM-Analysis%5D-August-Steel-Exports-Data-Interpretation-
The Business Research Company. (April 30, 2025). Flat Steel Market Size, Share and Industry Growth Report 2025. https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/report/flat-steel-global-market-report
OECD. (May 26, 2025). OECD Steel Outlook 2025. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/2025/05/oecd-steel-outlook-2025_bf2b6109.html
LinkedIn. (September 11, 2025). Do You Know Who Imports the Most Steel in 2025? Steel Import Data by Country. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/do-you-know-who-imports-most-steel-2025-import-data-country-icpnc
EUROFER. (September 2025). Economic and steel market outlook 2025-2026, second quarter. https://www.eurofer.eu/assets/publications/economic-market-outlook/economic-and-steel-market-outlook-2025-2026-second-quarter/EUROFER-Economic-Report-Q2-2025.pdf
Stout. (May 29, 2025). Current State of the U.S. Steel Market. https://www.stout.com/en/insights/article/current-state-us-steel-market
U.S. Census Bureau. (April 14, 2019). Preliminary U.S. Imports for Consumption of Steel Products (FT900A). https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/steel_prelim.html
Ryerson. (2025). 2025 Metals Market Forecast: Key Trends and Insights. https://www.ryerson.com/metal-resources/metal-market-intelligence/2025-metals-market-forecast-trends
Bureau of Labor Statistics. (August 2025). U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes August 2025. https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/ximpim.pdf
Atradius. (May 27, 2025). Global Metals and Steel Industry Trends 2025/2026. https://group.atradius.com/knowledge-and-research/reports/global-metals-and-steel-industry-trends-2025-2026
IndexBox LinkedIn. (May 26, 2025). US steel imports drop 11.8% in April 2025. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/indexbox_us-steel-imports-witness-notable-decline-activity-7333213041712324608-Ecbo
Boston Consulting Group. (June 10, 2025). June 2025: 50% US Tariffs Steel and Aluminum Impact. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2025/june-2025-update-impact-us-tariffs-50-percent-on-steel-aluminum
IndexBox LinkedIn. (August 27, 2025). US Steel Imports July 2025: Oil Industry Products Lead Growth. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/indexbox_us-steel-imports-july-2025-oil-industry-activity-7366748947970715650-yVfy
Arab Iron and Steel Union. (June 22, 2025). US Rolled Steel Coil Imports and Exports Decline in April. https://aisusteel.org/en/34450/
U.S. Census Bureau. (April 22, 2025). Preliminary: U.S. Imports for Consumption of Steel Products March 2025. https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/steel/steelp_2503.pdf
White House. (June 2, 2025). Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Increases Section 232 Tariffs on Steel and Aluminum. https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/06/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-increases-section-232-tariffs-on-steel-and-aluminum/
International Trade Administration. (December 17, 2020). U.S. Steel Import Monitor. https://www.trade.gov/data-visualization/us-steel-import-monitor
Fisher Investments. (September 24, 2025). Seven Months in, a Look at Steel and Aluminum Tariffs’ Market Implications. https://www.fisherinvestments.com/en-us/insights/market-commentary/seven-months-in-a-look-at-steel-and-aluminum-tariffs-market-implications
Trading Economics. (December 31, 2024). United States Imports of Iron and steel – 2025 Data 2026 Forecast. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/imports/iron-steel
American Iron and Steel Institute. (August 21, 2025). Five Reasons to Continue the Section 232 Tariffs. https://www.steel.org/2025/07/five-reasons-to-continue-the-section-232-tariffs/
U.S. Trade Representative. Steel Imports Report: United States. https://legacy.trade.gov/steel/countries/pdfs/imports-us.pdf
EUROFER. (January 31, 2025). Economic and steel market outlook 2025-2026, second quarter. https://www.eurofer.eu/publications/economic-market-outlook/economic-and-steel-market-outlook-2025-2026-second-quarter
Manufacturing Dive. (February 11, 2025). Steel tariffs could drive up domestic prices and capacity, but unlikely to create jobs. https://www.manufacturingdive.com/news/trump-steel-tariffs-industry-impact-jobs-costs-2025/739832/
Coherent Market Insights. (April 9, 2025). Automotive Steel Market Trends, Share Forecast, 2025-2032. https://www.coherentmi.com/industry-reports/automotive-steel-market
Coface. (June 5, 2025). US Tariffs on Steel and Aluminum: Impact on the Metals Industry. https://www.coface.com/news-economy-and-insights/50-us-tariffs-on-steel-and-aluminum-a-fatal-blow-or-a-saving-grace-for-the-us-metals-industry
Market Minds Advisory. (September 23, 2025). Steel Market Size, Trends & Growth Forecast 2025 to 2035. https://marketmindsadvisory.com/steel-market-trends/
World Economic Forum. (July 28, 2025). Tariffs and talent scarcity: Are there enough steel workers in the US? https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/07/tariffs-talent-scarcity-steel-workers-us/
Boston Consulting Group. (June 22, 2025). US Tariffs on Steel and Aluminum: Analyzing Impacts. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2025/us-tariffs-steel-aluminum-analyzing-impacts
World Steel Dynamics. (September 9, 2025). USA Steel Demand Outlook Shows Some Weakening. https://www.worldsteeldynamics.com/usa-steel-demand-outlook-shows-some-weakening/
Council on Foreign Relations. (February 13, 2025). Trump’s New Aluminum and Steel Tariffs Explained in Six Charts. https://www.cfr.org/article/trumps-new-aluminum-and-steel-tariffs-explained-six-charts
Fastmarkets. (January 6, 2025). North American steel outlook 2025: demand to rise with automotive. https://www.fastmarkets.com/insights/north-american-steel-outlook-2025-demand-to-rise-with-automotive-output-2025-preview/
Texas Construction Law Blog. (February 17, 2025). The Impact of President Trump’s Steel and Aluminum Tariffs on the Construction Industry. https://www.texasconstructionlawblog.com/2025/02/the-impact-of-president-trumps-steel-and-aluminum-tariffs-on-the-construction-industry/
The Business Research Company. (April 30, 2025). Automotive Steel Market Report 2025 – Industry Forecast 2034. https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/report/automotive-steel-global-market-report
Quaker City Castings. (March 23, 2025). Impact Of Steel Tariffs On Manufacturing. https://quakercitycastings.com/steel-tariffs/
EUROFER. (February 28, 2025). Economic and steel market outlook 2025-2026, third quarter. https://www.eurofer.eu/publications/economic-market-outlook/economic-and-steel-market-outlook-2025-2026-third-quarter
American Iron and Steel Institute. (October 14, 2020). The Economic Impact of the American Iron and Steel Industry. https://www.steel.org/economicimpact/
Equitable Growth. (July 28, 2025). Tariffs impact U.S. industries differently, with manufacturing the most exposed. https://equitablegrowth.org/tariffs-impact-u-s-industries-differently-with-manufacturing-the-most-exposed/
Check out our most recent articles below:
- PMI vs. S&P PMI: Why Manufacturing Surveys Diverge and What It Means for Steel Prices and Industry Outlook
- Nucor Announces Second Price Increase in Two Weeks: An In-Depth Market Analysis
- Steel Industry News October 2025 Community Poll Reveals Optimistic Pricing Outlook
- Nucor and NLMK USA Announce Price Increases: An In-Depth Market Review
- Steel Price Analysis: Understanding Current Market Dynamics
📬 Enjoying this article? Do not miss the next one.
SUBSCRIBE below to the Steel Industry News email newsletter to get the latest updates delivered straight to your inbox. Includes a comprehensive reporting of all key topics impacting the steel industry. 🌍The Most Recent Steel News Reports — in one easy-to-read weekly format
🔐 Annual Plan: Just $126/year — that’s 7+ months free (a 58% discount compared to monthly)
